This course will discuss methods and considerations for modeling transmitter and receiver components of coherent optical communication systems. integrated coherent receivers (ICRs). Using numerical simulation models, the impact of real-life device imperfections is shown. However, the key figures of merit against which optoelectronic components for coherent optical communications systems need to be assessed differ significantly from that of traditional direct- detect optical systems. In this chapter we examine in detail the receiver structure and the way in which the intercepted field at the receiver area is converted to. In the intensity-modulation/direct-detection (IM-DD) system, the intensity modula-tion means that information is carried only by the intensity or power of the transmitted lightwave, not by its frequency or phase. Non-zero amplifier time constant can actually increase TIA bandwidth!! must decrease quadratically! If we integrate the output noise, the upper bound isn't too critical. Often this is infinity for derivations, or 2X. composed of compound parabolic concentrators (CPCs) coupled with p off for e overall ADR dimensions to find optimum configuration of t on, 6G, compact receiver design, vertical cavity surface emitting r possible publication. Copyright may be to support ubiquitous mobile ultra-broadband. Sara Radfar A Thesis in The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science (Electrical Engineering) at Concordia University Montréal, Québec, Canada July 2025 © Sara Radfar, 2025 CONCORDIAUNIVERSITY.